Archaeologists exploring the ancient port of Ostia Antica, Italy, have made a groundbreaking discovery that may rewrite aspects of Jewish history in Europe. They have unearthed a structure believed to be the oldest known Jewish ritual bath, or mikvah, located outside of Israel, with initial estimates suggesting it was built during the late fourth or early fifth century.
The excavation was initiated by Luigi Maria Caliò, a classical archaeology professor from the University of Catania. His team anticipated finding typical features associated with ancient urban settlements, like warehouses or port structures, due to the site's proximity to a historical hub for traders. However, what they uncovered was far more remarkable: an ancient mikvah.
"This is an unprecedented find in the Roman world," remarked Riccardo Di Segni, Rome's chief rabbi. He emphasized the site's importance in shedding light on the historical presence of Judaism in Rome and its surrounding areas, which have been integral to the Jewish community for centuries. The arrival of Jews in Rome traces back to the second century B.C., and Ostia has a rich tapestry of Jewish history that endures through remnants like the Arch of Titus and Jewish catacombs.
As this discovery unfolds, it is likely to deepen the understanding of Jewish customs and social practices within the context of ancient Roman society, presenting new avenues for archaeological and historical scholarship.
