An outbreak of the Nipah virus in India's West Bengal state has sparked concern in parts of Asia, with some tightening screening measures at airports.
Thailand has started screening passengers at three airports that receive flights from West Bengal. Nepal has also begun screening arrivals at Kathmandu airport and other land border points with India.
Five healthcare workers in West Bengal were infected by the virus early this month, one of whom is in a critical condition. Some 110 people who were in contact with them have been quarantined.
The Nipah virus spreads from animals to humans and has a high death toll, ranging from 40% to 75%, with no vaccine currently available.
What is the Nipah virus and what are its symptoms?
The Nipah virus can be transmitted from animals, like pigs and fruit bats, to humans and can also spread person-to-person via contaminated food. The World Health Organization lists Nipah among its top ten priority diseases due to the potential it has to trigger an epidemic.
Initial symptoms may include fever, headaches, muscle pain, vomiting, and sore throat. Severe cases can lead to encephalitis or pneumonia, and to date, there are no approved treatments or vaccines for it.
Recent Outbreaks and Hisotry
The Nipah virus was first identified in 1998 in Malaysia, subsequently affecting areas in Singapore, Bangladesh, and India, with a particularly notable outbreak in Kerala in 2018.
Current Situation
As of last week, five confirmed cases in West Bengal have been reported, all linked to a private hospital. Nearby countries are increasing precautions, while Taiwan is considering categorizing the Nipah virus as a serious public health threat.
Additional reporting by BBC Thai
